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Grundlagen der CSRD und ESRS: Erfolgreiche Berichterstattung im Jahr 2025
Direkt zum Inhalt wechseln Home » Artikel » Grundlagen der CSRD und ESRS: Erfolgreiche Berichterstattung im Jahr 2025 5 March 2025
Grundlagen der CSRD und ESRS: Erfolgreiche Berichterstattung im Jahr 2025 Mit dem Jahr 2025 stehen immer mehr Unternehmen in Europa vor derselben Herausforderung – und zugleich einer großen Chance: der Ausrichtung auf die Richtlinie über die Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung von Unternehmen (CSRD) und auf die Europäischen Standards für die Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung (ESRS). Für viele wirken diese Rahmenwerke zunächst wie eine komplexe, verpflichtende Aufgabe der Offenlegung von Daten – ähnlich einer Betriebsprüfung und der Finanzberichterstattung.
Unternehmen, die der CSRD unterliegen – also zwei oder mehr der folgenden Kriterien erfüllen: mehr als 250 Beschäftigte, mehr als 50 Mio. € Umsatz oder mehr als 25 Mio. € Bilanzsumme –, müssen nun unter Hochdruck Nachhaltigkeitsdaten für das gesamte Unternehmen zusammentragen, konsolidieren und offenlegen.
Das mag zunächst verunsichern, muss es aber nicht. Mit der richtigen Herangehensweise ist die Berichterstattung nicht nur überschaubar, sondern auch eine ausgezeichnete Möglichkeit zur Wertschöpfung in Ihrem Unternehmen. Sie wirft nicht nur ein Licht auf Chancen zur Stärkung der Widerstandsfähigkeit, sondern auch auf potenzielle neue Einnahmequellen.
Das Berichtsumfeld im Jahr 2025: Was ist neu? Im Jahr 2025 müssen sich Unternehmen auf Folgendes vorbereiten:
Erweiterter Geltungsbereich: Die CSRD wird auf Muttergesellschaften außerhalb der EU, die in erheblichem Umfang in der EU tätig sind, sowie auf Tochtergesellschaften im Rahmen von Angabepflichten auf Konzernebene ausgeweitet. Anforderungen an die Prüfungssicherheit: Eine externe Prüfung der Nachhaltigkeitsangaben wird verpflichtend, wodurch der Richtigkeit und Nachweisbarkeit der Daten ein besonderer Stellenwert zukommt. Sektorspezifische Standards: Erweiterte ESRS-Berichtsanforderungen für Wirtschaftszweige wie die Energiebranche, Textilindustrie und Landwirtschaft werden erwartet. Dadurch werden individuell angepasste Berichtsstrategien erforderlich. Doppelte Wesentlichkeitsanalysen: Unternehmen müssen sowohl die gesellschaftlichen Auswirkungen ihrer Geschäftstätigkeiten als auch die Auswirkungen von Nachhaltigkeitsaspekten auf ihre Finanzergebnisse aufzeigen. Aufgrund dieser Anforderungen liegt ein deutlich größeres Augenmerk auf den Prozessen zur Erfassung, Aufbereitung und Prüfung von Nachhaltigkeitsdaten. Deswegen wurden die ESRS ursprünglich auch eingeführt: als Hilfestellung für Unternehmen, um ihre verschiedenen Angabepflichten nach unterschiedlichen Kriterien zu ordnen.
Zunächst mag das alles sehr umfangreich erscheinen, doch mit der doppelten Wesentlichkeitsanalyse (DMA) schaffen Sie eine solide Grundlage.
Schritt 1: Beginnen Sie mit der doppelten Wesentlichkeitsanalyse Die doppelte Wesentlichkeit ist der Kern der ESRS-Berichterstattung. Unternehmen müssen wesentliche Auswirkungen, Risiken und Chancen aus zwei Blickwinkeln ermitteln:
Wesentlichkeit der Auswirkungen: Wie sich Geschäftstätigkeiten auf die Menschen und auf den Planeten auswirken. Finanzielle Wesentlichkeit: Inwiefern Nachhaltigkeitsfaktoren den Geschäftserfolg beeinflussen. Mit einer umfassenden Bewertung gewährleisten Sie, dass Sie sich in Ihrem Unternehmen auf wesentliche Themen konzentrieren, die sowohl rechtliche Anforderungen als auch die Schwerpunkte Ihrer Stakeholder abdecken. Die erste doppelte Wesentlichkeitsanalyse kann komplex oder zumindest zeitaufwendig sein und unterliegt zudem einer Prüfung mit begrenzter Sicherheit. Das heißt, die Wirtschaftsprüfer bescheinigen Ihnen für Ihre Angabepflichten eine Sicherheit in geringerem Umfang.
Deshalb ist es wichtig, vor dem ersten Berichtszyklus genügend Zeit zu haben, um die doppelte Wesentlichkeitsanalyse zu verstehen und anschließend durchzuführen. So können Sie sich darauf einstellen, wie sorgfältig Sie bei allen Punkten vorgehen sollten. Die gute Seite ist, dass eine DMA das Fundament Ihrer ESRS-Berichterstattung bildet. Somit sind Sie für den nächsten Schritt gut aufgestellt.
Schritt 2: Bauen Sie robuste Datensysteme auf Angesichts der Anforderungen an die Prüfungssicherheit werden einzelne Tabellen und manuelle Verfahren 2025 nicht mehr ausreichen. In den meisten Fällen sind die Datensätze einfach zu groß, um sie in Excel zu erfassen. Ein solches Vorgehen ist nicht nur fehleranfällig, sondern auch extrem umständlich. Mit einer robusten ESG-Software können Sie hingegen:
die Datenerfassung automatisieren: Senken Sie die Fehlerquote und optimieren Sie Arbeitsabläufe mit integrierten Programmschnittstellen und Echtzeit-Tracking, Daten zentral speichern: Schaffen Sie eine einheitliche Datenbasis für alle Nachhaltigkeitsparameter, die externe Prüfung vorbereiten: Sichern Sie die Nachweisbarkeit und Regelkonformität mit systemintegrierten Prüfpfaden. Zudem sollten diese Systeme eine Aufschlüsselung der Daten ermöglichen, um den jeweiligen Anforderungen der Tochtergesellschaften, Joint Ventures und anderen Unternehmenseinheiten gerecht zu werden.
Schritt 3: Binden Sie die Wertschöpfungskette ein Die CSRD fordert Daten über Ihre Unternehmensgrenzen hinaus. Sie werden die Zuarbeit von Lieferanten, Partnern und Stakeholdern benötigen, um die Angabepflichten zu erfüllen – vor allem für die Scope-3-Emissionen. Zusammenarbeit ist somit im Jahr 2025 ein wesentlicher Erfolgsfaktor. Diese Maßnahmen sollten Sie unter anderem ergreifen:
Ermitteln Sie, welche Arten von Daten aus Ihrer Wertschöpfungskette Sie zur Erfüllung der ESRS benötigen werden. Formulieren Sie eindeutig, was Sie von Ihren Lieferanten und Vertragspartnern erwarten. Führen Sie Workshops durch, um interne Teams und externe Partner zusammenzubringen. Schließen Sie Vereinbarungen über den Datenaustausch, um die Transparenz zu gewährleisten. Ergänzen Sie die Verhaltensregeln für Lieferanten bzw. die Lieferantenverträge um neue Anforderungen. Schritt 4: Wählen Sie den richtigen Berichtsansatz Abhängig von Ihrer Unternehmensstruktur müssen Sie sich für eine Top-down- oder eine Bottom-up-Berichtsstrategie entscheiden:
Top-down: Sie bewerten die Auswirkungen und die Wesentlichkeit auf Konzernebene mit Standardisierung für die Tochtergesellschaften. Bottom-up: Tochtergesellschaften können eigene Bewertungen vornehmen und die Ergebnisse werden auf Konzernebene zusammengeführt. Welcher Ansatz der beste ist, richtet sich unter anderem danach, wie umfangreich Ihre Unternehmensstruktur ist, wie komplex Ihr Portfolio und wo im Unternehmen die Daten vorhanden sind.
Schritt 5: Fördern Sie Wissensaneignung und Eigenverantwortung Wie gut Sie 2025 die Vorschriften erfüllen, hängt nicht nur von den Systemen ab, sondern vor allem von den Beschäftigten. Geben Sie Ihren Teams die nötigen Tools und Kenntnisse für die erfolgreiche Umsetzung an die Hand:
Bieten Sie regelmäßig Schulungen zu ESRS-Anforderungen und zur Nutzung der Berichtsplattformen an. Verteilen Sie abteilungsübergreifend klare Aufgaben und Zuständigkeiten, um Dopplungen oder Lücken zu vermeiden. Entwickeln Sie interne Fachkenntnisse, um im Laufe der Zeit weniger auf externe Berater angewiesen zu sein. Tipp: Ein Kunde von Position Green setzte kürzlich sein eigenes DMA-Verfahren um und nutzte dabei interne Schulungen als einen Grundbaustein zum Kompetenzausbau des Teams. Erfahren Sie hier , wie Ependion seine DMA mit einem selbst entwickelten Ansatz durchführte.
Typische Schwierigkeiten überwinden 1. Getrennt erfasste Daten verwalten Großen Konzernen mit vielen Betrieben fällt es oft schwer, Daten sinnvoll zu konsolidieren. Einheitliche Schwellenwerte für alle Tochtergesellschaften in Bezug auf die Auswirkungen können diesen Prozess vereinfachen und zugleich die Koordinierung auf Konzernebene gewährleisten. Eine Datenverwaltungssoftware kann dabei von unschätzbarem Wert sein, da Sie damit standardisieren, welche Daten Sie und Ihre Kolleginnen und Kollegen erfassen und wie Sie sie erfassen.
2. Anforderungen an die Prüfungssicherheit erfüllen Aufgrund der verpflichtenden Prüfungssicherheit müssen Unternehmen prüffähige Datensysteme pflegen. Durch regelmäßige interne Audits können Sie Lücken ermitteln, bevor die externen Prüfungen durchgeführt werden.
3. Branchenspezifische Leitlinien verstehen Halten Sie sich auf dem Laufenden über neue Entwicklungen bei den ESRS für Ihre Branche und passen Sie Ihre Berichtsstrategie entsprechend an.
Deshalb ist das Jahr 2025 hinsichtlich der CSRD und ESRS so wichtig Im Jahr 2025 unterliegen deutlich mehr Unternehmen den ESRS. Gleichzeitig stechen jene Unternehmen heraus, die Compliance und Geschäftschance miteinander verbinden, indem sie die rechtlichen Anforderungen mit einer strategischen Wertschöpfung verknüpfen. Unternehmen, die den richtigen Weg einschlagen, werden nicht nur die Behörden zufriedenstellen, sondern auch ihre Widerstandsfähigkeit ausbauen, Investoren für sich gewinnen und das Vertrauen der Stakeholder stärken.
Unsere wichtigste Empfehlung besteht darin, sicherzustellen, dass Sie die richtige Lösung für eine erfolgreiche Berichterstattung parat haben. Aber das allein kann schon eine Herausforderung sein.
Doch keine Sorge: Wir helfen Ihnen, den nötigen Durchblick zu gewinnen. In einem speziellen Leitfaden können Sie sich über alle verfügbaren Softwareoptionen mit ihren jeweiligen Vor- und Nachteilen informieren und herausfinden, welche für Sie am geeignetsten ist.
Sehen Sie sich jetzt unseren ESRS-Softwareleitfaden für CFOs an und bringen Sie Ihre Berichterstattung 2025 mit den richtigen Tools auf den Weg.
Leitfaden herunterladen Calum Revfem
Director
Position Green
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